上海交大赵大海关于新冠疫情第28次在电视台访谈评论：我国应基于新冠肺炎疫情防控契机推进分餐制
上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院博士生导师、上海交通大学-耶鲁大学卫生政策联合研究中心执行主任赵大海，第11次做客上海电视台进行访谈评论，也是自新冠疫情以来第28次在央视/上视的访谈评论。2020年5月8日，赵大海做客上海电视台外语频道ICS演播室，在21点的《直播上海》节目，对分餐制饮食习惯改变等进行了访谈和评论。现将主要内容翻译并摘录如下。
主持人：上海市政府发布了一项新的健康指导方针，旨在推广使用公勺公筷。已经有超过2.5万家餐馆开展了这个做法。调查发现，超过90%的受访者表示他们愿意使用公用餐具。我们采访了上海交通大学公共卫生与公共政策领域专家赵大海教授，了解了更多关于这方面的情况。赵教授，很高兴您能来。
赵大海：很高兴来到这里。
主持人：我们知道上海正在开展一项试行计划，在一些餐馆实行分餐制。您认为在日常生活中实现分餐制的挑战是什么？
赵大海：中国人有一起就餐的饮食习惯。改变中国饮食文化真的不容易。到目前为止，大多数中国人都不知道为什么我们要使用分餐制。新冠肺炎疫情的发生，让我们认识到了分餐制的重要性。分餐制可以预防许多传染病。此外，分餐制可以预防幽门螺旋杆菌在中国的流行。我国50%的人口罹患幽门螺旋杆菌，而幽门螺旋杆菌是胃癌的最危险因素。
主持人：但是在家里呢？您认为有必要让全家人分开吃饭吗？
赵大海：我的回答是肯定的。改变这个习惯并不难，我可以给你一些例子。学校里的学生应该都要了解分餐制的重要性。学生在学校吃饭是分餐进食的。当他们回到家，可以帮助家里的成年人改变饮食习惯。此外，社区有义务让居民理解分餐制的重要性。所以我认为通过政府、社交媒体、学校等的共同努力，我们是可以实现分餐制的目标。
主持人：那规章制度呢？我们要不要改善一些行业对餐馆的规定，这样我们就不只是靠自己了。事实上，我们有法律法规的支持。
赵大海：是的，我同意。政府必须在促进分餐服务中发挥重要作用。例如，所有的政府公务宴请应该使用分餐服务。所有的政府领导和工作人员应该带头践行分餐制，老百姓就会效仿新的饮食文化。除此之外，一些地方政府可以发布一些法规，将分餐制服务作为饭店卫生检查的指标之一。这样一来，饭店就有动力去推动分餐服务，并有理有据地说服顾客使用公筷。因此，我认为规章制度和地方政府应该在推行分餐制中发挥重要作用。
供稿者：国务学院
日期：2020年5月12日
Dahai Zhao' 28th comments on TV during the Pandemic: This is an Opportunity for China to Promote the Use of Separate Food Service as the Containment Efforts
Dahai Zhao, a doctoral supervisor at School of International and Public Affairs of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Executive Director of Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Yale University Joint Research Center for Health Policy, has been interviewed by DFTV for the 11th time (the 28th time by CGTV / DFTV) since the COVID-19 pandemic. At 21:00 on May 8, 2020, Zhao commented on the promotion of separate food service on “Live Shanghai”.
Anchor: Shanghai government has issued a new health guidelines designed to promote the use of serving spoons and chopsticks. Over 25000 restaurants have already started the practice, while the survey found that more than 90% of respondents said they would use. Earlier I spoke to professor Zhao Dahai, an expert in the field of health and public policies from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and learned more about the service. Professor Zhao, it’s good to have you with us.
Zhao: Great to be here.
Anchor: Well, we know Shanghai is launching a trail program of serving food separately in some of the restaurants. What do you think is the challenge now to really have this method implemented in our daily lives?
Zhao: Chinese people have the habit of having dinner lunch together. To change the Chinese dietary culture is really not easy. Up to now, most Chinese people have no idea why we have to use separate food service. The pandemic of COVID-19 is a chance for Chinese people to know the importance of separate food service. Separate food service can prevent many infectious diseases such as Helicobacter pylori, which is very popular in Chinese people. It said that more than 50% of Chinese people have Helicobacter pylori, and it's the most dangerous indicator of stomach cancer.
Anchor: But how about at home? Do you think it's necessary to have the whole family eating separately.
Zhao: My answer is yes. It's not very difficult to to change the habit. I can give you some examples. Students at schools should be taught the importance of a separate food service. Because when students have lunch at schools, they use separate food service. When they are at home, they can teach and help the adults to change the dietary culture. In addition. community has the obligation to make our community members understand the importance of the separate food service. So I think through the common efforts by government, social media, schools, etc., we will realize the objective of the separate food service.
Anchor: How about regulations? Shall we improve our regulations for restaurants, for some of the industries, so that we don't just do it by all by ourselves. Actually, we have laws and regulations to back us up.
Zhao: Yeah, I’ll agree with it. The government must play an important role in promoting separate food service. For example, all official banquets should use separate food service. All our government workers and leaders should take the lead. Then people will follow the new dietary culture. Besides of that, some local governments can release some regulations. For example, making separate food service as one of the indicators of sanitary check for the restaurants. So the restaurants will have their aspiration to push the separate food service. And when restaurants persuade customers to use serving chopsticks., they have the background and the proof to do it. So I think the regulations and the local government should play an important role in it.
Anchor: Thank you professor Zhao for sharing your insights with us.
Zhao: Thank you.
Contributor: SIPA, SJTU
Date: May 12