上海交大赵大海关于新冠疫情第35次在电视台访谈评论：中国必须要建立起强有力的公共卫生体系
上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院博士生导师、上海交通大学-耶鲁大学卫生政策联合研究中心执行主任赵大海，对于新冠肺炎疫情暴发与防控第20次在中央电视台进行直播评论，也是第35次在央视、上视进行访谈评论。在2020年6月2日，赵大海在中央电视台英语频道CGTN《中国24小时》节目，就习近平总书记关于建立强有力公共卫生体系的讲话和武汉全民核酸检测的意义等进行了直播解读和评论。现将访谈内容翻译并摘录如下。
主持人：习近平总书记强调建立强有力的公共卫生体系的重要性。政府和社会组织为建立这样的系统应该做些什么？
赵大海：要建立这样一个系统，政府和社会部门应该做一些工作。首先，必须将新技术应用于未来的公共卫生系统。基于新技术，公共卫生系统必须具有对新发主要传染病的地理和时间分布建模、使用大数据对新发主要传染病进行监测、预警以及应对的能力。第二，强大的公共卫生体系必须吸引优秀人才的加入。如果未来的公共卫生系统无法吸引优秀年轻人，那么就不可能建立一个强大的公共卫生系统。因此，保证公共卫生工作者的适当收入和社会地位对于建立强有力的公共卫生体系至关重要。第三，建立强有力的公共卫生体系依赖于各级政府的足够财政投入和社会部门的捐助。各级政府都应把建立健全公共卫生体系作为政府工作的重点。
主持人：武汉市完成了一千万人的全民核酸检测。武汉全面核酸检测的重要性和传递出的信息分别是什么？
赵大海：首先，武汉市的全面核酸检测在推动新冠肺炎的科学研究方面具有重要作用。这是世界上首次对于一个城市居民的无症状新冠肺炎感染者的分布进行调查。此外，武汉市的全面核酸测检测第一次证实了“池测试”的有效性。实验室测试人员汇集了来自不同人员的大量样品，并在一个试管中进行测试。第二，它为武汉市的复工复学建立了基础。自从5月中旬出现新的确诊病例以来，大规模的核酸检测及其结果大大减轻了武汉市民的恐慌，也为防止新冠肺炎的又一次暴发起到了重要作用。第三，它为整个中国和世界提供了重要参考。例如，由于武汉市所有居民中无症状病例的比例非常低，因此，整个中国没有必要进行全面的核酸检测，低风险城市也没有必要进行全面的核酸检测。此外，对于一些新冠肺炎疫情严重的国家，他们可以使用“池检测”的合并检测方法来加快核酸检测的速度。
供稿者：国务学院
日期：2020年6月3日
Dahai Zhao' 35th comments on TV during the Pandemic: China Must Build a Strong Public Health System
Dahai Zhao, a doctoral supervisor at School of International and Public Affairs of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Executive Director of Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Yale University Joint Research Center for Health Policy, has been interviewed by CGTN for the 20th time (the 35th time by CGTN / ShanghaiTV) since the COVID-19 pandemic. On June 3, 2020, Zhao commented on the establishment of a strong public health system and the significance of nucleic acid testing in Wuhan on “China 24”.
Anchor: President Xi Jinping has stressed the importance of establishing a strong public health system. What could government and various social sectors do to build such a system in future?
Zhao: To build such a system, a couple of work should be done by the government and social sectors. First, new technology must be applied into the potential public health system. Based on new technology, public health system must have the ability of modeling the geographic and temporal spread of major infectious diseases, monitoring and early warning of, as well as response to, new major infectious diseases using big data. Second, strong public health system must attract talented persons’ commitment. If the potential public health system can not attract excellent young people, it is impossible to build a strong public health system. Therefore, to guarantee the proper salary and social position of public health workers is vital to build the strong public health system. Third, building strong public health system depends on the proper financial inputs from all levels of governments and donations of social sectors. All levels of governments should make the building strong public health system as priority of any government work.
Anchor: Help us understand more about the significance of the all-scale nucleic test in Wuhan.
Zhao: First, the all-scale nucleic acid test in Wuhan has an important role in pushing forward the scientific research on COVID-19. It is the first time for any country to confirm the prevalence of asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 among all-scale citizens in one city. In addition, the all-scale nucleic acid test offers the first confirmation on "pool testing”. Lab testers pooled a number of samples from different persons and test them in one tube. Second, it has built a foundation for the city of Wuhan’s work and school resumption. the mass testing and its results have gained Wuhan people’s relief and also served as a precaution against a second wave, since a small cluster of infections reemerged in mid May. Third, it offers an important reference for the whole country and the world. For example, through the very low percentage of asymptomatic cases among all citizens in Wuhan, it is not necessary for the whole China to conduct the all-scale nucleic acid test, and not necessary for low-level risk cities to conduct the all-scale test. Further, for some countries that epidemic situation is serious, they can use the pool testing method to speed up the nucleic acid test.
Contributor: SIPA, SJTU
Data: June 3