上海交大赵大海关于新冠疫情第39次在电视台访谈评论：食品生产和交易场所应当是新冠疫情防控的重点

上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院博士生导师、上海交通大学-耶鲁大学卫生政策联合研究中心执行主任赵大海，对于新冠肺炎疫情暴发与防控第24次在中央电视台进行直播评论，也是第39次在央视、上视进行访谈评论。在2020年6月18日，赵大海在中央电视台英语频道CGTN《环球观察》节目，就各国食品生产和交易场所陆续成为新冠疫情暴发的聚集地等进行了解读和评论。现将访谈内容翻译并摘录如下。

主持人：您如何评估病毒通过食品传播到我们社区的风险？

赵大海：据我所知，在食品上发现的新冠肺炎病毒都是从确诊的患者那里传播来的。传播途径是人-食品-人。考虑到世界上大多数食品批发市场都是人群高度密集的地方，而任何国家的食品生产行业也都是劳动密集型的。因此，一旦食品受到新冠肺炎病毒污染，食品向社区传播病毒的风险就很大。最重要的依据是它不是从食品到人类的简单传播，而是它很快就会成为人际间的暴发，主要原因是食品生产和交易的场所是都是劳动力密集型或人群聚集的。此外，对于冷冻食品而言，由于新冠肺炎病毒在冷冻环境下可以长期存活，应该对其给予更多的关注。因此，任何国家的政府都必须充分重视食品生产和交易场所。此外，公众也尽量吃完全煮熟的食物。

主持人：当我们在未来重新开放农贸市场时，应做哪些工作来保护顾客和在那里的工作人员？

赵大海：政府应该采取诸如消毒和食品病毒检查等严格的防控措施。在食品生产和交易场所的所有工作人员应定期进行核酸检查。此外，所有工作人员都应佩戴口罩，每天进行身体等例行检查。所有到农贸市场的顾客都应进行全面检查，如测量体温、戴口罩、出示健康码等。考虑到农贸市场是一个人群聚集的区域，要保持在市场的顾客社交距离并不容易，应严格执行在市场顾客最大人流量的限制。考虑到国外新冠肺炎疫情形势仍然十分严峻，中国各地方政府必须充分重视所有进口食品的检验检查。只有所有进口食品都经过了严格检查之后，这些食品才可以被允许进入市场。总之，当市场上的食品、工作人员和顾客都保证做到了科学的检验检查，农贸市场就将是安全的。

供稿者：国务学院

日期：2020年6月19日

Dahai Zhao' 39th comments on TV during the Pandemic: Food production and trading venues should be a shift of emphasis of COVID-19 prevention and control

Dahai Zhao, a doctoral supervisor at School of International and Public Affairs of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Executive Director of Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Yale University Joint Research Center for Health Policy, has been interviewed by CGTN for the 24th time (the 39th time by CGTN / ShanghaiTV) since the COVID-19 pandemic. On June 18, 2020, Zhao commented on the food production and trading on “Global Watch”.

Anchor: How do you evaluate the risk of the virus being transmitted or outspread by food products to our community?  

Zhao: As far as I know, food products which were found the COVID-19 virus are transmitted from confirmed people. The transmission tract is the human to food products to the human. Considering most wholesale market in the world are populated areas, and the food product industry in any country is labor-intensive. Therefore, once food products are contaminated with the COVID-19 virus, the risk of the virus being outspread by food products to the community is big. The most important reason is that it is not a simple transmission from food products to the human, it will quickly become human to human outbreak due to the fact that the place of food production and transaction is labor-intensive or densely populated. In addition, for the frozen food, because the virus can survive for a long time under the frozen circumstance, it should deserve more attention. Therefore, the government in any country must pay full attention to the place of food production and transaction. Further, the public also try to eat the fully cooked food. 

Anchor: When we reopen the markets in the future, what can be done to protect both the customers and the workers?

Zhao: The government should take stringent precautious measures such as disinfections and the virus inspections for the food products. All workers at the place of food production and transaction should be conducted nucleic acid test routinely. In addition, all workers should wear face mask, and be inspected with the body symptoms in each day. All customers to the food market should be carefully inspected, such as measuring body temperature, wearing face masks, and showing the health QR code. Considering the food market is a densely populated area and it is not easy to keep the social distances at the market, the number limit of customers at the market should be strictly implemented. Considering the pandemic situation abroad is still very serious, the local government in China must pay full attention to all imported food. When all imported food is strictly inspected, the food can be displayed at the market. In total, when the food, workers and customers at the market are all guaranteed by the scientific inspections, the food market must be safe. 

Contributor: SIPA, SJTU

Data: June 19