上海交大赵大海关于新冠疫情第57次在电视台访谈评论：中国新冠疫苗即将量产

上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院博士生导师、上海交通大学-耶鲁大学卫生政策联合研究中心执行主任赵大海，自新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来，对于新冠疫情暴发、防控以及医疗卫生体制改革第35次接受中央电视台直播专访，也是第57次接受央视、上视专访。2020年10月20日，赵大海在中央电视台英语频道的《中国24小时》节目，就中国新冠疫苗的研发进度、中国加入世界卫生组织牵头的“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”等话题进行了直播访谈。现将专访内容翻译并摘录如下。

主持人：中国政府宣称，中国已有四种候选疫苗目前处于临床三期阶段。请问疫苗上市还需要什么流程？按照您的理解，您觉得现在离至少一种疫苗上市还需要等待多长时间？

赵大海：至少还需要两个步骤。首先，各疫苗研发单位需要收集并分析候选疫苗在第三阶段临床试验的所有海外志愿者的相关数据。由于新冠肺炎疫情在中国已得到了控制，中国各候选疫苗的第三期临床试验都是在目前新冠疫情正在暴发的国家进行的。其次，候选疫苗在第三阶段临床试验被证实安全和有效之后，疫苗研发单位需要向国家药品监督管理局提交注册申请。当国家药品监督管理局批准申请后，疫苗就可以被允许生产。据我所知，大约两个月后，新冠疫苗将会正式上市。

主持人：中国已加入世界卫生组织牵头的“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”(COVAX)，并表示将新冠疫苗作为全球公共产品。中国做出这一举动的动机是什么？哪些国家将受益最大？

赵大海：中国加入“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”的目的是在全球范围内促进新冠疫苗的公平分配，并确保发展中国家能获得疫苗。事实上，在全球进入临床试验三期的新冠候选疫苗总共是十种，中国占了四种，而且中国有足够的疫苗量产能力。鉴于除了中国之外，其余拥有临床试验三期候选新冠疫苗的所有国家，都没有加入“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”，中国的加入就使得该计划变得有现实意义。中国加入该计划为世界各国践行"人类健康命运共同体"树立了最好的榜样。中国加入“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”，并承诺将新冠肺炎疫苗作为全球公共产品，这必将惠及整个人类。此外，所有没有能力研发新冠疫苗的国家，特别是所有发展中国家，一定是中国加入该计划和中国做出该承诺的最大受益者。

供稿者：国务学院

日期：2020年10月21日

Dahai ZHAO’s 57th comments on TV during the pandemic: China’s COVID-19 vaccines are approaching

Dahai Zhao, a doctoral supervisor at the School of International and Public Affairs of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Executive Director of Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Yale University Joint Research Center for Health Policy, has been interviewed by CGTN for the 35nd time (the 57nd time by CGTN / ShanghaiTV) since the COVID-19 pandemic. On October 20, 2020, Zhao commented on China's progress in COVID-19 vaccine development and China's participation in the WHO-led COVID-19 vaccine implementation plan on “China 24” of CGTN. 

Anchor: The Chinese government claims that China has four candidate vaccines currently in clinical phase III. What process is needed for vaccine marketing? According to your understanding, how long do you think it is to wait until at least one vaccine is launched?

Zhao Dahai: At least two processes will be needed. First, the related data on the vaccines in phase 3 clinical trials from all overseas volunteers are needed to be collected, and analyzed. Because the pandemic of COVID-19 in China has been under control, the phase 3 clinical trials are conducted in a couple of foreign countries. Second, when the vaccine has been confirmed safety and effectiveness through the phase 3 clinical trial, the application for registration are needed to submit to FDA. When FDA approves the application, the vaccine can be permitted to produce. As far as I know, about two months later, the vaccine will be made available to the public.

Anchor: China has joined the "New Coronary Pneumonia Vaccine Implementation Plan" (COVAX) led by the World Health Organization and stated that it will make the COVID-19 vaccine a global public product. What is China's motivation for this move? Which countries will benefit the most?

Zhao Dahai: The objective of China’s joining COVAX, is to promote a fair distribution of vaccines globally, and to ensure access to vaccines in developing countries. Actually, China has 4 vaccines among 10 vaccines in phase 3 clinical trials in the world, and has enough capacity of production. Due to the fact that all other countries whose vaccines in phase 3 clinical trials have not joined the COVAX, China’s joining makes the COVAX meaningful. What China did is the best example for all countries in the world for implementation of the concept of a shared community of health for all. Of course, the whole human being will be benefited from China’s joining COVAX and China’s commitment to turning the COVID-19 vaccines into a global public good, Further, all countries who have no ability to develop the covid-19 vaccines will be benefited the most, particularly for all developing and poor counties.

Contributor: SIPA, SJTU

Data: October 21, 2020