上海交大赵大海接受央视专访：中国新冠疫苗具有重要优势

上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院博士生导师、上海交通大学-耶鲁大学卫生政策联合研究中心执行主任赵大海，自新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来，对于新冠疫情暴发、防控以及卫生政策第43次接受中央电视台专访，也是第68次接受央视、上视专访。2020年12月15日，赵大海在中央电视台英语频道的《今日亚洲》节目，就中国新冠疫苗与其他国家研发的新冠疫苗的比较、中国加入新冠疫苗实施计划(COVAX)对全球新冠疫苗公平分配的影响等话题进行了直播访谈。现将访谈内容翻译并摘录如下。

主持人：我们如何将中国的新冠疫苗与其他国家研制的疫苗进行比较？

赵大海: 首先，中国和其他大多数国家研制的新冠疫苗的效力都比较高。大多数新冠疫苗的有效性都在85%以上。85%的数字代表了一个非常高的水平。新冠疫苗的效力得到了较好的保证，我认为这是中国和大多数其他国家目前新冠疫苗的主要相似之处。其次，储存温度是目前这些疫苗最大的区别。据我所知，中国的新冠疫苗可以在正常的冷藏温度下运输和储存。然而，美国目前的新冠疫苗必须在诸如零下70摄氏度这样的极低温度下运输和储存。因此，我认为中国研发的新冠疫苗的最主要优势就在于：既保证了较高的有效性，储存温度也属于正常的冷藏温度。

主持人：中国加入了由世卫组织共同发起的新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划(COVAX）。您认为中国如何帮助疫苗的公平分配？

赵大海：中国加入COVAX，绝对推动了新冠疫苗在全球的公平分配。考虑到大多数发达国家正处于严重的新冠大流行，美国等发达国家目前生产的所有新冠疫苗只能满足自己国家所需。发展中国家和所有没有能力生产新冠疫苗的国家依赖于从发达国家获得疫苗是不现实的。中国是世界上大量国家，特别是发展中国家获得新冠疫苗的唯一希望。因此，中国加入COVAX标志着新冠疫苗的公平分配成为可能。此外，中国有必要提出一套关于在发展中国家的国内公平分配新冠疫苗的建议。譬如，高危人群如老年人、有基础疾病的人群应优先接种新冠疫苗。

供稿者：国务学院

日期：2020年12月16日

Dahai ZHAO’s Exclusive Interview with CGTN: China's COVID-19 Vaccine has Important Advantages

Dahai Zhao, a doctoral supervisor at the School of International and Public Affairs of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Executive Director of Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Yale University Joint Research Center for Health Policy, has been interviewed by CGTN for the 43nd time (the 68nd time by CGTN / ShanghaiTV) since the COVID-19 pandemic. On December 16, 2020, Zhao commented on the comparison between COVID-19 vaccines developed in China and those developed in other countries, and the impact of China's participation in COVAX on global fair distribution of COVID-19 vaccines on “Today Asia” of CGTN.

Anchor: How can we compare the Chinese vaccines with the ones developed in other countries? 

ZHAO: First, the efficacy of vaccines developed in China and most other countries is relatively very high. The efficacy of most vaccines are more than 85%. The number of 85% stands for a very high level. In addition, the efficacy has been guaranteed. I think it is the similarity of the current vaccines between Chinese and most other countries. Second, the storage temperature is the biggest differences between these current vaccines. As far as I know, the Chinese vaccines of COVID-19 can be transported and stored at normal cold storage temperatures. However, the current vaccines of COVID-19 in the US have to be transported and stored at a very low level temperature such as minus 70 degree centigrade. I believe the most important advantage of the Chinese vaccines of COVID-19 is that the storage temperature belongs to normal cold storage temperature, and the high efficacy. 

Anchor: China has joined a global vaccine initiated co-led by the WHO for vaccine distribution. How do you think China can help the fair distribution of vaccines?

ZHAO: China’s joining COVAX has absolutely pushed the fair distribution of the COVID-19 vaccines in the world. Considering most developed countries are in the very serious pandemic of COVID-19, all current vaccines produced by developed countries such as the US must be applied in developed countries themselves. It is impracticable for developing countries and all countries which have no ability to produce the vaccines to get the vaccines from the developed countries. China is the only hope for many countries, especially for developing countries to get the vaccine of COVID-19. Therefore, China’s joining COVAX is a sign that fair distribution on COVID-19 vaccines is possible. Without China’s joining COVAX, it is impossible to realize the fair distribution at a global level. Further, China will offer a set of suggestions on fair distribution of COVID-19 vaccines at the domestic level in the developing countries. For example, the high-risk population such as the elderly, people who have basic diseases should have the priority of COVID-19 vaccines.

Contributor: SIPA, SJTU

Data: December 16, 2020