上海交大赵大海教授接受央视专访：全国公众应踊跃接种新冠疫苗
上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院教授、博士生导师，上海交通大学-耶鲁大学卫生政策联合研究中心执行主任赵大海，自新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来，对于新冠疫情暴发、防控以及卫生政策第54次接受中央电视台专访，也是第86次接受央视、上视专访。2021年4月11日，赵大海在中央电视台英语频道的《中国24小时》节目，就当日举行的国务院联防联控机制新闻发布会有关新冠疫苗接种的话题进行了解释和评论。现将有关访谈内容翻译并摘录如下。
主持人：目前在中国，超过一亿六千五百万剂新冠疫苗已被注射；然而中国是一个十四亿人口的大国。一部分公众认为由于中国已控制住了新冠疫情，那么就不需要再注射新冠疫苗了。医学专家认为这种想法是不对的。您认为新冠疫苗注射的重要性是怎样的？
赵大海：首先，新冠疫情在世界范围内依然处于大流行和大暴发阶段。实际上，世界范围内新冠大流行依然没有明显的下降趋势。例如，美国每日确诊的新冠病例仍在4万例左右。因此，中国没有理由放松警惕。更重要的是，新冠疫苗接种是防止中国新冠疫情反弹的最重要选择。其次，虽然我国新冠大流行的现状已经得到控制，但这是在对海外入境人员和货物均采取严格疫情防控措施的基础之上的。当全球新冠大流行的形势扭转之后，我国必然需要放松对海外入境人员和货物的防控措施。如果没有足够比例的公众接种过新冠疫苗，中国将是新冠大流行反弹的最脆弱国家之一。因此，为了未来的正常国际人员交流和贸易，就必须要为大多数中国人接种新冠疫苗。另外，一个国家只有70%以上的人口接种了新冠疫苗，才能建立起对新冠疫情的防控防御体系。
主持人：中国政府说不会强迫公众接种新冠疫苗。但是，我们需要怎么做才能鼓励公众接受新冠疫苗接种呢？
赵大海：普及新冠疫苗教育是鼓励公众接种新冠疫苗的最重要方法。由于我国传统的疫苗主要是为儿童接种，普通成年人比较难以完全理解新冠疫苗的重要性。在我看来，各类媒体、工作场所应该尽最大努力让公众了解接种新冠疫苗的意义。其次，政府相关部门应努力改变公众的如下看法：中国绝大部分地区已没有确诊的本土新冠病例，就没有必要接种新冠疫苗。要让公众明白，今后必然需要放松对海外入境人员和货物的疫情管控，只有接种了新冠疫苗才能防止我国新冠疫情的反弹。此外，考虑到我国已接种新冠疫苗超过1.6亿剂，疫苗的安全性和有效性已充分得到了保证。政府相关部门应着力帮助公众科学理解新冠疫苗的意义、安全性和有效性。
供稿者：国务学院
日期：2021年4月12日
Dahai ZHAO’s Exclusive Interview with CGTN: National inoculation should be given a ringing endorsement
Dahai Zhao, a doctoral supervisor at the School of International and Public Affairs of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Executive Director of Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Yale University Joint Research Center for Health Policy, has been interviewed by CGYN for the 54st time (the 86st time by CGTN / ShanghaiTV) since the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 12, 2021, Zhao commented on a joint prevention and control mechanism press conference on COVID-19 vaccination on “China 24” of CGTN.
Anchor: Now hundred and 65 million doses have been given, but there are 1.4 billion people here in China. Many people we spoke to say they don't feel a need to get vaccinated because COVID-19 is under control here. But of course, medical experts say this is not the right approach. How important do you think is vaccination?
ZHAO: First, the pandemic of COVID-19 in the world is still very serious. Actually, there are no obvious decreasing trends of the pandemic in the world. For example, the daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the US are about 40 thousand. Therefore, there are no reasons for China to relax the guard. Further, the vaccination is the most important option to prevent the rebound of the pandemic in China. Second, Although the current situation of the pandemic of COVID-19 in China has been under control, it is under the condition of stringent measures for citizens and goods from outside of China. When the global situation of the pandemic becomes much better, the stringent measures for the outsiders must be much loosened. If there were no enough people who have been vaccinated, China would be one of the most vulnerable countries of the rebound of the pandemic. Therefore, to prepare for the potential normal international communications, vaccinating for most majority of Chinese people is necessary. In addition, only more than 70% of the total population in a country have been vaccinated, can the preventing defense for COVID-19 be built.
Anchor: The government says it won’t force people to vaccinate. But what’s being done to encourage them to take it?
ZHAO: First, the vaccine education for all is the most important method to encourage people to be vaccinated. Considering most traditional vaccines in China are administrated for kids, it is relatively difficult for common adults to completely understand the importance of vaccine of COVID-19. In my opinion, the social media, workplaces should try the best to make the common citizens to understand the meaningfulness of the COVID-19 vaccinating. Second, the related government departments try to make common citizens not have ideas that it is not necessary to be vaccinated because China has no confirmed cases of COVID-19. To make common citizens understand that the stringent measures on outsiders from outside of China will be loosened in the future, only vaccinating can prevent the rebound of the pandemic of COVID-19 in China. In addition, considering more than 160 million doses of vaccines were administrated in China, the safety and effectiveness of the vaccines have been ensured. The related government departments try to help the common citizens to understand the meaningfulness, safety, and effectiveness of the vaccine of COVID-19.
Contributor: SIPA, SJTU
Date: April 12, 2021